| Abstract | Sažetak U ovom radu analiziraju se uzroci i posljedice globalne gospodarske krize iz 2008. godine s osvrtom na njen utjecaj na hrvatsko gospodarstvo. Rad je podijeljen u pet cjelina: uvod, teorijski okviri ekonomskih kriza, analiza gospodarske krize u Hrvatskoj 2008. godine, upravljanje krizom i zaključak. Cilj rada je analizirati čimbenike koji su doveli do krize, dinamiku gospodarske krize te njene posljedice, kao i strategije upravljanja krizom u Hrvatskoj. Podaci korišteni u radu prikupljeni su iz sekundarnih izvora poput službenih statistika, izvještaja Hrvatske narodne banke kao i relevantne literature na temu. Drugi dio rada posvećen je teorijskim aspektima koje prate ekonomske krize. Razmatrani su uzroci i vrste krize, mehanizmi upravljanja krizom te njene kratkoročne i dugoročne posljedice. Na temelju istraživanja uspoređuju se trajanje ekonomskih kriza. U trećem dijelu rada opisana je gospodarska kriza u Hrvatskoj 2008 godine. Uzroci krize u Hrvatskoj uključuju visoku zaduženost, ovisnost o vanjskoj potražnji i pad ne snižavanje investicija i privatne potrošnje. Kriza je rezultirala značajnim padom BDP-a, povećanjem nezaposlenosti te negativnim makroekonomskim trendovima: smanjenje deviznih rezervi i povećanje državnoga dugova. Sektor rada je primio snažne udarce u vidu porasta nezaposlenosti i pada plaća. U četvrtom dijelu rada analizirana je nastala kriza u Hrvatskoj. Vlada je pokrenula niz mjera, uključujući fiskalne stimulanse, potporu bankarskom sektoru i strukturne promjene. Ipak, gospodarski oporavak bio je usporen i zahtijevao je dugoročne prilagodbe. Dugoročni faktori, kao što su neracionalno djelovanje javnoga sektora i visoki troškovi poslovanja, također su uobičajeni čimbenici koji su usporavali gospodarski oporavak. Zaključak sažima dugoročne posljedice krize, zajedno s važnošću ispravnog postupanja u kriznim situacijama. Lekcije naučene iz ove krize treba uzeti u obzir kad se zemlja suočava s budućim ekonomskim izazovima. Kroz primjenu adekvatnih odgovora, mogu se izvršiti pripreme koje će osigurati stabilniji i otporniji ekonomski sustav. Ovaj rad doprinosi boljem razumijevanju same složenosti gospodarskih kriza i važnost ispravnih politika i pravca djelovanja, što je očito iz empirijsko istraživanje koje se provelo. Ovo je posebno važno s obzirom na malu i otvorenu prirodu ekonomija poput Hrvatske |
| Abstract (english) | Abstract This paper analyzes the causes and consequences of the global economic crisis of 2008 with a focus on its impact on the Croatian economy. The work is divided into five parts: introduction, theoretical frameworks of economic crises, analysis of the economic crisis in Croatia in 2008, crisis management and conclusion. The aim of the paper is to analyze the factors that led to the crisis, the dynamics of the economic crisis and its consequences, as well as crisis management strategies in Croatia. The data used in the paper were collected from secondary sources such as official statistics, reports of the Croatian National Bank, as well as relevant literature on the subject. The second part of the paper is devoted to the theoretical aspects that accompany economic crises. The causes and types of crisis, crisis management mechanisms and its short-term and long-term consequences are discussed. Based on the research, the duration of economic crises is compared. The third part of the paper describes the economic crisis in Croatia in 2008. The causes of the crisis in Croatia include high indebtedness, dependence on external demand and a decline in investment and private consumption. The crisis resulted in a significant drop in GDP, an increase in unemployment and negative macroeconomic trends: a decrease in foreign exchange reserves and an increase in government debt. The labor sector received strong blows in the form of rising unemployment and falling wages. In the fourth part of the paper, the emerging crisis in Croatia is analyzed. The government launched a series of measures, including fiscal stimulus, support for the banking sector and structural changes. However, economic recovery was slow and required long-term adjustments. Long-term factors, such as irrational actions of the public sector and high costs of doing business, are also common factors that have slowed economic recovery. The conclusion summarizes the long-term consequences of the crisis, along with the importance of handling crisis situations correctly. Lessons learned from this crisis should be taken into account as the country faces future economic challenges. Through the application of adequate responses, preparations can be made that will ensure a more stable and resilient economic system. This work contributes to a better understanding of the very complexity of economic crises and the importance of correct policies and course of action, which is evident from the empirical research that was conducted. This is especially important given the small and open nature of economies like Croatia |
