Analiza učinka majčinstva na dohodak žena u Hrvatskoj

master's thesis

• Title (english): Assessing the Influence of Motherhood on Women's Earnings in Croatia
• Author: Mirta Orlović
• Mentor: Petra Međimurec (mentor)
• Committee member: Ivan Čipin (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marijana Ivanov (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Economics and Business; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-09-24, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Economics; Finance

Abstract

Ovaj diplomski rad bavi se financijskim učincima majčinstva. Postojeća istraživanja pokazuju da majke primaju niže plaće od usporedivih žena bez djece. U literaturi se razlika u plaćama između majki i žena bez djece koja se ne može objasniti razlikama u ljudskom kapitalu i iskustvima na tržištu rada često naziva „penalom“ za majčinstvo. Ovaj penal, kao komponenta jaza u plaćama između muškaraca i žena, može predstavljati bitan trošak za žene, posebice one koje imaju djecu te ako se zanemari, može nepovoljno utjecati na inicijative za podizanje (niskog) fertiliteta u europskim zemljama. Glavni cilj ovog rada je istražiti učinak majčinstva na dohodak žena u Hrvatskoj. Nakon pregleda dostupne literature kojom se opisuju različiti mehanizmi putem kojih roditeljstvo može utjecati na dohodak žena, postavljene su istraživačke hipoteze te provedena je empirijska analiza učinka majčinstva na dohodak žena u hrvatskom slučaju. Korišteni su podaci Europskog društvenog istraživanja. Procijenjeni regresijski modeli sugeriraju da nema razlika u dohotku između majki i žena bez djece u Hrvatskoj. Međutim, te su razlike ipak vidljive u slučaju nisko obrazovanih žena. Na kraju su proučene politike usmjerene na smanjenje financijskog tereta povezanog s roditeljstvom u Hrvatskoj, a koje su sagledane u kontekstu nalaza iz provedene analize.

Abstract (english)

This thesis investigates the financial implications of motherhood. Existing research indicates that mothers receive lower wages than comparable childless women. In the literature, the wage gap between mothers and women without children that cannot be explained by differences in human capital and labour market experience is often referred to as the „motherhood penalty“. This penalty, as a component of the wage gap between men and women, can represent a significant cost for women, especially those with children, and if overlooked, it can negatively affect initiatives to raise (low) fertility rates in European countries. The main goal of this paper is to investigate the influence of motherhood on women's income in Croatia. After reviewing the available literature that describes the various mechanisms through which parenthood can affect women's income, research hypotheses were formulated, and an empirical analysis of the impact of motherhood on women's income in the Croatian context was conducted. Data from the European Social Survey were used. The estimated regression models suggest that there are no significant differences in income between mothers and women without children in Croatia. However, these differences are visible in the case of women with lower educational attainment. Finally, policies aimed at reducing the financial burden associated with parenthood in Croatia are examined in the context of the findings from the conducted analysis.

• Keywords: roditeljstvo; učinci na dohodak; penal za majčinstvo; Hrvatska
• Keywords (english): parenthood; income effects; motherhood penalty; Croatia
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:148:826220
• Study programme: Title: Business economics; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni magistar ekonomije/sveučilišna magistra ekonomije (sveučilišni magistar ekonomije/sveučilišna magistra ekonomije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2024-09-27 10:45:00