Energetska učinkovitost i održivost stambenih zgrada u Europskoj Uniji - stanje i perspektive

master's thesis

• Title (english): Energy efficiency and sustainability of residential buildings in the European Union - situation and perspectives
• Author: Ana Kurtović
• Mentor: Tamara Slišković (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Economics and Business; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-09-24, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Economics

Abstract

Iako postoji značajan potencijal za uštedu energije u stambenom sektoru Europske Unije, tržište energetske učinkovitosti (EES) u ovom je segmentu tržišta mnogo manje razvijeno nego u ostalim sektorima potražnje (npr., industriji ili sektoru javnih usluga). Kao posljedica povećanja energetske učinkovitosti, trebala bi se smanjiti i emisija stakleničkih plinova za 40% do 2030. godine, a što je jedan od primarnih ciljeva EU. Jedan od ciljeva je poboljšanje energetske učinkovitosti te poticanje održivog razvoja stambenih zgrada. Pritom, iako postoji zakonska regulacija na razini RH i EU kojom se nastoji potaknuti energetska učinkovitost te održivi razvoj, sama zakonska regulacija nije dovoljna, bez djelovanja na svijest građana, a posebice na svijest djelovanja poduzetnika koji su vrlo bitni kada je riječ o zgradama (npr. građevinski poduzetnici i sl.). Pritom je nužno istaknuti i da nije potrebno samo mijenjati oblik energije koji se koristi, budući da se električna energija ističe kao čisti oblik energije, ali se i dalje najveći dio električne energije proizvodi iz neobnovljivih izvora, a što djeluje štetno na okoliš.

Stambene zgrade jedan su od najvećih potrošača energije u RH, ali i u EU te je nužno istaknuti da one troše energiju tijekom cijelog životnog ciklusa od izgradnje pa do samog rušenja. Pritom se najveće količine energije troše tijekom korisnog vijeka uporabe stambenih zgrada te je iz tog razloga nužno posebnu pozornost posvetiti poboljšanju energetske učinkovitosti zgrada koja može biti poboljšana tijekom procesa izgradnje ili pak tijekom procesa održavanja i obnove. Poseban naglasak stavljen je i na održivi razvoj, odnosno posebice na ekološku i ekonomsku komponentu budući da se ekološka komponenta odnosi na smanjenje potrošnje prirodnih resursa, a ekonomska komponenta ponajprije na smanjenje novčanih izdataka za energiju. U budućnosti je nužno posebnu pozornost u većem obujmu posvetiti i razvoju društvene komponente.

Abstract (english)

Although there is significant potential for energy savings in the European Union's housing sector, the energy efficiency (EES) market in this market segment is much less developed than in other demand sectors (eg industry or the public services sector). As a consequence of increasing energy efficiency, greenhouse gas emissions should also be reduced by 40% by 2030, which is one of the EU's primary goals. One of the goals is to improve energy efficiency and encourage the sustainable development of residential buildings. Although there is legal regulation at the level of the Republic of Croatia and the EU which seeks to encourage energy efficiency and sustainable development, legal regulation alone is not enough, without affecting the awareness of citizens, and especially the awareness of entrepreneurs who are very important when it comes to buildings construction contractors, etc.). It is necessary to point out that it is not only necessary to change the form of energy used, since electricity stands out as a pure form of energy, but still most of the electricity is produced from non-renewable sources, which has a detrimental effect on the environment.

Residential buildings are one of the largest consumers of energy in the Republic of Croatia, but also in the EU, and it is necessary to point out that they consume energy throughout the life cycle from construction to demolition. The largest amounts of energy are consumed during the useful life of residential buildings and for this reason it is necessary to pay special attention to improving the energy efficiency of buildings that can be improved during the construction process or during the maintenance and renovation process. Special emphasis was placed on sustainable development, ie especially on the environmental and economic component, since the environmental component refers to the reduction of consumption of natural resources, and the economic component primarily to the reduction of monetary expenditures for energy. In the future, it is necessary to pay special attention to the development of the social component to a greater extent.

• Keywords: energetska učinkovitost; održivi razvoj; stambene zgrade
• Keywords (english): energy efficiency; sustainable development; residential buildings
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:148:063575
• Study programme: Title: Economics of energy and environment; Study programme type: professional; Study level: specialist graduate; Academic / professional title: stručni/a specijalist/specijalistica ekonomije (stručni/a specijalist/specijalistica ekonomije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2021-09-27 11:27:28