Ekonometrijska analiza utjecaja potrošnje obnovljivih i neobnovljivih izvora energije na ekonomski rast u zemljama Europske unije

master's thesis

• Title (english): Econometric analysis of the impact of consumption of renewable and non-renewable energy sources on economic growth in the European union countries
• Author: Božana Zovko
• Mentor: Anita Čeh Časni (mentor)
• Committee member: Anita Čeh Časni (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ana Andabaka (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Tomislav Gelo (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Economics and Business; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-09-04, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Economics

Abstract

Za svakodnevni život i bilo kakve procese u gospodarstvu potrebni su različiti oblici energije. Zbog toga je važno zapitati se kako različiti izvori energije utječu na ekonomski rast neke zemlje. U tom je smislu predmet ovog diplomskog rada ekonometrijski analizirati kako potrošnja obnovljivih i neobnovljivih izvora energije utječe na ekonomski rast u zemljama Europske unije. U radu je objašnjena uloga energije u ekonomskom rastu te su pobliže opisane vrste obnovljivih i neobnovljivih izvora energije. Cilj je istražiti i analizirati odnos bruto domaćeg proizvoda po stanovniku i potrošnje obnovljivih i neobnovljivih izvora energije, a pored toga analizirati kako varijable investicije u dugotrajnu imovinu i udio radne snage u ukupnom stanovništvu utječu na ekonomsku aktivnost. Za metodu istraživanja odabran je dinamički panel model budući da su brojne ekonomske relacije dinamičke prirode, odnosno sadašnje vrijednosti zavisne varijable ovise o njezinim prethodnim vrijednostima. Rezultati su pokazali da je u dugom roku statistički značajna samo varijabla investicije u dugotrajnu imovinu, dok su u kratkom roku sve varijable statistički značajne i pozitivno utječu na ekonomski rast. Time su rezultati ekonometrijske analize provedene u ovom radu konzistentni s istraživanjima kod kojih značajan utjecaj na BDP po stanovniku imaju potrošnja obnovljivih i neobnovljivih izvora energije po stanovniku. S obzirom da energija igra jako važnu ulogu u proizvodnom procesu i da je za gospodarski i društveni razvoj jedna od ključnih odrednica, očekuje se da će rad doprinijeti sudionicima na tržištu, ali i ukazati koliko je važno pored potrošnje neobnovljivih izvora energije koristiti i obnovljive.

Abstract (english)

For everyday life and any processes in the economy, different forms of energy are needed. That is why it is important to ask how different sources of energy affect the economic growth of a country. Thus, the subject of this thesis is an econometric analysis of the impact of the consumption of renewable and non-renewable energy sources on economic growth in European Union countries. The paper explains the role of energy in economic growth and describes the types of renewable and non-renewable energy sources in detail. The goal is to investigate and analyse the relationship between gross domestic product per inhabitant and the consumption of renewable and non-renewable energy sources, and in addition to see how the variables of investment in durable assets and the share of the labour force in the total population affect economic activity. The dynamic panel model was chosen for the research method, since numerous economic relationships are of a dynamic nature, that is, the current values of the endogenous variable depend on its previous values. The results showed that in the long run only the variable investment in fixed assets is statistically significant, while in the short run all variables are statistically significant and have a positive effect on economic growth. Thus, the results of the econometric analysis carried out in this paper are consistent with previous research, which points out that the consumption of renewable and non- renewable energy sources per inhabitant significantly affects GDP per inhabitant. Given that energy plays a very important role in the production process and is one of the key determinants of economic and social development, it is expected that this thesis will contribute to market participants, but also show how important it is to use renewable energy sources in addition to non-renewable energy sources.

• Keywords: ekonomski rast; obnovljivi izvori energije; neobnovljivi izvori energije; dinamički panel model
• Keywords (english): economic growth; renewable energy sources; non-renewable energy sources; dynamic panel model
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:148:114248
• Study programme: Title: Economics; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra ekonomije (magistar/magistra ekonomije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-09-04 16:10:31