Utjecaj intervencija na promjenu stavova i ponašanje djece od 6 i 9 godina pri izboru prehrambenih proizvoda

doctoral thesis

• Title (english): The impact of interventions on changing the attitudes and behavior of 6- and 9- year old children when choosing food products
• Author: David Skala
• Mentor: Ružica Brečić (mentor)
• Committee member: Ana Tkalac Verčič (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ružica Brečić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dario Miočević (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Economics and Business; (Department of Marketing); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-01-10, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Economics; Marketing
• Universal decimal classification (UDC): 330 - Economics. Economic science

Abstract

Dječje prehrambene navike alarmantno skreću prema izboru nezdrave hrane, a na svakodnevnoj razini samo 17 % djece konzumira preporučeni unos povrća. Dosadašnja literatura ispitivala je ponašanje djece prema izboru hrane procjenjujući samo određene stavove, stoga ovaj rad ispituje razumijevanje utjecaja i implicitnih i eksplicitnih stavova na stvarno ponašanje djece pri izboru zdrave hrane. Također, ključan čimbenik jest promjena ponašanja, stoga ovaj rad testira učinkovitost intervencija koje potiču pozitivne stavove i ponašanje djece pri izboru zdrave hrane. Za potrebe doktorskog rada provedeno je kvalitativno i kvantitativno istraživanje. Putem kvalitativnog istraživanja (n = 220) koristeći tehniku nacrtaj i piši utvrdilo se da djeca u dobi od 6 i 9 godina znaju kategorizirati te povezuju riječ nezdravo s hranom koja ima visok udio masti i šećera. Isto tako, djeca povezuju riječ zdravo s hranom poput voća i povrća, pogotovo u starijoj dobi. Može se zaključiti da je tijekom ranih godina obrazovanja moguće potaknuti djecu u stjecanju novih znanja i jače povezanosti djece s asocijacijama uz riječ zdravo. Rezultati kvantitativnog istraživanja (n = 419) pokazuju da djeca koja biraju zdravo (voće) imaju pozitivnije implicitne i eksplicitne stavove u odnosu na djecu koja biraju nezdravo (slatkiše) te da eksplicitan stav ima veći utjecaj na izbor hrane od implicitnog stava. Dokazalo se da na izbor zdrave hrane kod mlađe djece utječu bihevioralne intervencije temeljene na emocijama, dok bihevioralne intervencije koje se temelje na informacijama potiču pozitivnije implicitne stavove kod starije djece. Nadalje, na izbor hrane kod djece sa slabijim implicitnim i eksplicitnim stavovima pozitivno utječe i strategija označavanja hrane emotikonima (kognitivne intervencije). U sklopu ovog rada po prvi se put stvarno ponašanje djece objasnilo stavovima. Konkretno, djeca koja biraju zdravo imaju pozitivnije implicitne i eksplicitne stavove od djece koja biraju nezdravo. Također, potvrđen je učinak bihevioralne intervencije na poticanje pozitivnih stavova kao i pozitivan učinak korištenja emotikona na izbor hrane, čime je testiran zajednički učinak bihevioralnih i kognitivnih digitalnih intervencija na izbor zdrave hrane kod djece od 6 i 9 godina.

Abstract (english)

Children's eating habits are alarmingly turning towards the choice of unhealthy food, and on a daily basis, only 17% of children consume the recommended intake of vegetables. Previous literature examined children's food choice behavior by assessing only certain attitudes, therefore this paper examines the understanding of the influence of both implicit and explicit attitudes on the actual behavior of children when choosing healthy food. Also, a key factor is behavior change, so this work tests the effectiveness of interventions that encourage positive attitudes and behavior of children when choosing healthy food. For the purposes of the doctoral thesis, qualitative and quantitative research was conducted. Through qualitative research (n = 220) using the "draw and write" technique, it was established that children aged 6 and 9 know how to categorize and associate the word unhealthy with food that has a high proportion of fat and sugar. Likewise, children associate the word healthy with food such as fruits and vegetables, especially at an older age. It can be concluded that during the early years of education, it is possible to encourage children to acquire new knowledge and strengthen children's associations with the word healthy. The results of the quantitative research (n = 419) show that children who choose healthy (fruit) have more positive implicit and explicit attitudes compared to children who choose unhealthy (sweets) and that the explicit attitude has a greater influence on the choice of food than the implicit attitude. Behavioral interventions based on emotions have been shown to influence healthy food choices in younger children, while behavioral interventions based on information encourage more positive implicit attitudes in older children. Furthermore, food choice among children with weaker implicit and explicit attitudes is positively influenced by the strategy of labeling food with emoticons (cognitive intervention). As part of this work, for the first time the actual behavior of children was explained by understending their attitudes. Specifically, children who make healthy choices have more positive implicit and explicit attitudes than children who make unhealthy choices. Also, the effect of the behavioral intervention on encouraging positive attitudes was confirmed, as well as the positive effect of using emoticons on food choice, thus testing the joint effect of behavioral and cognitive digital interventions on the choice of healthy food in 6- and 9-year-old children.

• Keywords: implicitni i eksplicitni stavovi; izbor hrane; ponašanje potrošača; digitalno okruženje; bihevioralne intervencije; Test implicitnih asocijacija; kognitivne intervencije; emotikoni
• Keywords (english): implicit attitudes; explicit attitudes; children; food choice; behavioral interventions; IAT; cognitive interventions; emoticons; consumer behavior; digital environment
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:148:781899
• Promotion: 2024
• Study programme: Title: Economics and Business Economics; Study programme type: university; Study level: postgraduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica znanosti iz znanstvenog područja društvenih znanosti (doktor/doktorica znanosti iz znanstvenog područja društvenih znanosti)
• Type of resource: Text
• Extent: 200 str.
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-01-27 22:59:54